QUESTION 3: WHERE IS THE DNA?

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DNA is found inside cells, but to answer this question more accurately, it will be necessary to first clarify how many types of cells exist. Thus, considering the presence or absence of nucleus, it can be said that there are two large groups of cells. On one side, the eukaryotic cells (from the Greek eu-karyon, with true nucleus) and on the other side, the prokaryotic cells (from the Greek pro-karyon, withe real nucleus). The basic difference between these two types of cells is that the former have a membranous structure called nucleus, while the latter have no nucleus.

To the group of eukaryotic cells belong the animal cells, vegetables, fungi and an extensive group called protista, in which the microalgae, amoebas, molds are, whereas the group of eukaryotic cells belong both archeobacteria and eubacteria.

Well, in eukaryotic cells the DNA is inside of its nucleus whereas in the prokaryotic cells the DNA is dispersed by the inner región, the cytoplasm. Importantly, considering a eukaryotic organism such as a human, absolutely all somatic cells in his body have the same genetic information -not the germ cells, ova and sperm, which present only half of it-. That is, the DNA that we can find in a somatic cell of a person's eyelid is the same as the one that this same individual will have in a cell of his liver.

A separate mention requires viruses. These are not considered living organisms since they are not capable of performing a number of basic functions by themselves, but they have genetic material that can be in the form of DNA or RNA. In this case, the DNA is located inside a protein structure called capsid.